Internal Corporate Governance Mechanisms Essay - 1100 Words

Internal Corporate Governance Mechanisms (Essay Sample) Content: Last name1Your nameInstitutionDateInternal Corporate Governance MechanismsCorporate governance mechanisms are ways employed by organizations to deal with problems of corporate governance. Every now and then, firms are faced with internal problems which they can control and external problems which cannot be controlled. To eliminate these problems good governance is needed to balance the roles of shareholders, board of directors, managers and other employees who have governance roles. Corporate governance mechanisms are market based or institutional based mechanisms which influence the decision-making process by controllers of firms to maximise companys value to its owners. These governance mechanisms are either internal or external governance mechanisms. Internal corporate governance mechanisms employed by most firms include ownership concentration, executive compensation, multi-divisional organization structure and board of directors. While external corporate governan ce mechanisms include corporate takeover market and product market competition (Cremers and Nair 2859). Below are some of the internal corporate governance mechanisms.Board of directors is one of the main internal corporate governance mechanisms (Aljifri and Moustafa 79). Board of directors in many organizations comprises of insiders, outsiders and related outsiders. These people represent the interests of shareholders and due to that they are well versed with their companys operations. Insiders are responsible for monitoring performance of chief executive officers and top-level managers in any organization. These internal members of the board of directors are responsible for firing and replacing CEOs as well as determining their salaries and rewards. Related outsiders refer to people who have a relationship a company but are not involved in day-to-day operations of the company. On the other hand, outsiders refer to people who do not have any relationship with the firm and are not i nvolved with every day operations of the firm but they have a say in the firms decision-making process. External directors who include related outsiders and outsiders are chosen according to the interests of the shareholders. Board of directors is an independent entity when it comes to management. Board of directors is very important internal corporate governance mechanism because it monitors managers, shareholders, directors and other stakeholders in any company and has direct influence on the decisions made by the top people in any organization. Board sizes differ from firm to firm but it should be of reasonable size and its roles should be clear to every member of the board. Board of directors are the main decision markers of any company and due to that, board of directors will decide on how to finance various more investments or on how to carry out various operations for the benefit of the company. Most companies do not recommend strong boards because most of them will demand hi gh salaries and are normally associated with fraud. Last name2Generally, board quality is associated with high levels of internal control (Babatunde and Olaniran 334).Another internal corporate governance mechanism is ownership concentration. Ownership concentration refers to the percentage of shares held by financial institutions or institutional owners such as stock mutual funds and pension funds. Ownership concentration simply refers to the percentage of shares held by block shareholders. Under normal circumstances block holders will hold more than 5% of the companys shares. When institutional block holding is high, then the block holders are permitted to monitor their shares in the company. Hence, these shareholders have a voting right and they may influence the decision-making process of a given company where they own shares (Babatunde and Olaniran 336). They have the right to question on various moves proposed by the company and may demand for their refund anytime. This may re sult to conflict of interests because of close monitoring by the block holders who may have may have different views about different operations of a given company. However most financial institutions are forbidden by the law to take board seats of various firms where they own a considerable number of shares as argued by Shleifer and Vishny (754). All in all, a firm with high level of block shareholders is likely to get high returns hence most firms encourage institutional block holding.Another internal corporate governance mechanism which is essential to most companies is executive compensation. Executive compensation refers to provision of salaries, wages, bonuses, stock rewards, stock grants, stock options or establishment of other long-term incentives by firms to match firm`s interests with the interests of its shareholders, managers and directors. Shareholders are the main stakeholders of any organization and their interests should be taken in account first. Putting their intere sts into consideration motivates them and makes them to deliver their best services for the benefit of the company. In most cases, these incentives or compensations are often criticized as being controlled by the top-level people in most organizations. However, eexecutive compensation as a mechanism of internal corporate governance will increase the likelihood of firms getting various anticipated outcomes (Shleifer and Vishny 760)Incentives are inefficient moves or actions taken by managers or controllers of a firm to promote various sectors of the firm. Incentives may even be offered to investors to encourage them to invest more in the firm. Executive compensation inform of incentives is a risky operation and companies may encounter losses due to offering incentives. However, incentives may generate high returns with time, they may also lead to increased investments and increased share blockholding which is associated with high profits. Most managers are concerned with increasing p rofits but at times they let go of their profits and offer incentives to their firms stakeholders hoping to gain more profits in return. Executive compensation involves careful decision-making and tolerance because various compensations or incentives may not bring about expected outcomes soon. Normally, companies will offer incentives which a... Internal Corporate Governance Mechanisms Essay - 1100 Words Internal Corporate Governance Mechanisms (Essay Sample) Content: Last name1Your nameInstitutionDateInternal Corporate Governance MechanismsCorporate governance mechanisms are ways employed by organizations to deal with problems of corporate governance. Every now and then, firms are faced with internal problems which they can control and external problems which cannot be controlled. To eliminate these problems good governance is needed to balance the roles of shareholders, board of directors, managers and other employees who have governance roles. Corporate governance mechanisms are market based or institutional based mechanisms which influence the decision-making process by controllers of firms to maximise companys value to its owners. These governance mechanisms are either internal or external governance mechanisms. Internal corporate governance mechanisms employed by most firms include ownership concentration, executive compensation, multi-divisional organization structure and board of directors. While external corporate governan ce mechanisms include corporate takeover market and product market competition (Cremers and Nair 2859). Below are some of the internal corporate governance mechanisms.Board of directors is one of the main internal corporate governance mechanisms (Aljifri and Moustafa 79). Board of directors in many organizations comprises of insiders, outsiders and related outsiders. These people represent the interests of shareholders and due to that they are well versed with their companys operations. Insiders are responsible for monitoring performance of chief executive officers and top-level managers in any organization. These internal members of the board of directors are responsible for firing and replacing CEOs as well as determining their salaries and rewards. Related outsiders refer to people who have a relationship a company but are not involved in day-to-day operations of the company. On the other hand, outsiders refer to people who do not have any relationship with the firm and are not i nvolved with every day operations of the firm but they have a say in the firms decision-making process. External directors who include related outsiders and outsiders are chosen according to the interests of the shareholders. Board of directors is an independent entity when it comes to management. Board of directors is very important internal corporate governance mechanism because it monitors managers, shareholders, directors and other stakeholders in any company and has direct influence on the decisions made by the top people in any organization. Board sizes differ from firm to firm but it should be of reasonable size and its roles should be clear to every member of the board. Board of directors are the main decision markers of any company and due to that, board of directors will decide on how to finance various more investments or on how to carry out various operations for the benefit of the company. Most companies do not recommend strong boards because most of them will demand hi gh salaries and are normally associated with fraud. Last name2Generally, board quality is associated with high levels of internal control (Babatunde and Olaniran 334).Another internal corporate governance mechanism is ownership concentration. Ownership concentration refers to the percentage of shares held by financial institutions or institutional owners such as stock mutual funds and pension funds. Ownership concentration simply refers to the percentage of shares held by block shareholders. Under normal circumstances block holders will hold more than 5% of the companys shares. When institutional block holding is high, then the block holders are permitted to monitor their shares in the company. Hence, these shareholders have a voting right and they may influence the decision-making process of a given company where they own shares (Babatunde and Olaniran 336). They have the right to question on various moves proposed by the company and may demand for their refund anytime. This may re sult to conflict of interests because of close monitoring by the block holders who may have may have different views about different operations of a given company. However most financial institutions are forbidden by the law to take board seats of various firms where they own a considerable number of shares as argued by Shleifer and Vishny (754). All in all, a firm with high level of block shareholders is likely to get high returns hence most firms encourage institutional block holding.Another internal corporate governance mechanism which is essential to most companies is executive compensation. Executive compensation refers to provision of salaries, wages, bonuses, stock rewards, stock grants, stock options or establishment of other long-term incentives by firms to match firm`s interests with the interests of its shareholders, managers and directors. Shareholders are the main stakeholders of any organization and their interests should be taken in account first. Putting their intere sts into consideration motivates them and makes them to deliver their best services for the benefit of the company. In most cases, these incentives or compensations are often criticized as being controlled by the top-level people in most organizations. However, eexecutive compensation as a mechanism of internal corporate governance will increase the likelihood of firms getting various anticipated outcomes (Shleifer and Vishny 760)Incentives are inefficient moves or actions taken by managers or controllers of a firm to promote various sectors of the firm. Incentives may even be offered to investors to encourage them to invest more in the firm. Executive compensation inform of incentives is a risky operation and companies may encounter losses due to offering incentives. However, incentives may generate high returns with time, they may also lead to increased investments and increased share blockholding which is associated with high profits. Most managers are concerned with increasing p rofits but at times they let go of their profits and offer incentives to their firms stakeholders hoping to gain more profits in return. Executive compensation involves careful decision-making and tolerance because various compensations or incentives may not bring about expected outcomes soon. Normally, companies will offer incentives which a...

`` The Yellow Wallpaper `` And The Court Cases Like Ellen...

From short stories like â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† to the court cases like Ellen Pao’s Suit vs. Kleiner Perkins, and even a data book like Women in the Labor Force, it is clear to see that inequality and mistreatment of women still exists today. People often say that inequality is a thing of the past, however it has been a serious problem since the dawning of civilization itself, and it is still so today. Women are often seen as lesser beings than men, and are treated accordingly. It is getting better, and women are starting to take their rightful places as equals in the workforce, and as equals in general. However, the world still has a long way to go before the inequality and mistreatment of women comes to a complete stop. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† the authors explores the world through the eyes of the narrator. The narrator is a woman who has been taken away to live in the countryside for the summer due to â€Å"temporary nervous depression (Gilman). † This diagnosis was done by her husband, a physician, who treats her more like a possession than a spouse. Though he has diagnosed her with this, he is seen saying that she is not really sick at all. He gives her incorrect medicines, not believing her when she says something is wrong. Throughout the story, it is shown that she is not ever taken seriously, her husband even going so far as to say that â€Å"she shall be sick as she pleases (Gilman) † this implying that she is making up her illness for attention, and that it is all

The Characteristics of Subjective Essay Questions Samples

<h1> The Characteristics of Subjective Essay Questions Samples </h1> <h2>Ruthless Subjective Essay Questions Samples Strategies Exploited </h2> <p>The theory proclamation is generally just a solitary sentence and is made out of the subject, center, and three significant purposes of the paper. It's essential to choose easily proven wrong factious article subjects as you need contradicting focuses you can counter to your own focuses. Go over the two perspectives and give your opinion.</p> <p>Such a paper question allows an understudy to set the substance of the appropriate response. It is restricted as far as substance and structure. The appropriate responses should be found in the exposition. Your answer shouldn't be a book report. </p> <p>Just verify that it is something which you require, not simply something that you need in the concise term. You're endeavoring to show universities your absolute best self, in this manner it may seem nonsensical to readily recognize a period you battled. Evaluating tremendous works, particularly towards the finish of the school year, feels like it's an unending and thoughtless game-plan. You should have insightful responses for all of them, going from 30 seconds to two minutes long contingent on the scope of the inquiry. </p> <p>A diverse quality of taking a gander at ones emotional prosperity is with regards to maverick and collectivist. While you can't anticipate each article question, knowing probab ly the most regular ones may give you a favorable position on applications. There are individuals online that can give you some assistance when it has to do with composing a distinct article. After you select the theme which suits you most, recollect the explanation you compose your exposition, focus on the most noteworthy subtleties to tell about in your content and don't disregard the centrality of faculties and emotions in your essay.</p> <h2>What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Subjective Essay Questions Samples </h2> <p>The article will additionally discuss the wellbeing qualities of someone, alongside any wellbeing worries that may profit by wellbeing limited time training. The point of this gift is to offer you some simple and beneficial techniques which will assist you with assuming responsibility for the condition and do your absolute best. A structure technique to the employing procedure beats the impact of predisposition. Publicizing and the medi a are currently about indistinguishable from society for an entirety. </p> <p>You ought to at no time rehash enormous thoughts top to bottom, or possibly talk about new subtleties. In the event that you like you may look on the web and discover one that you like. Some of these information can be unreasonably classified for various people to peruse. Abstract data whether it's in composed or spoken structure is generally thought of as a solitary individual's supposition. </p> <p>For extra data on test dates and areas, planned test-takers should visit the ETS site. Chances are, you should simply unwind and find a theme you're enthusiastic about and, obviously, one that is easily proven wrong. For instance, understudies can be given contextual analyses or a choice of information (like a lot of human services side effects) and be approached to gracefully an investigation by addressing a lot of inquiries Problem comprehending can moreover be evaluated with the right kind of inquiries. </p> <p>If you for the most part go clear during tests, consider concentrating in precisely the same study hall where the test will be given. Maybe the most significant thought to recall recorded as a hard copy article tests is you have a restricted amount of reality to get upon the information you've obtained and your ability to use it. If it's not too much trouble know you will be mentioned to complete the CMA test paper addresses just as long as you become i n any event half right in numerous decision questions. An elegantly composed paper might be the most enticing bit of a grant program, which clarifies why much time and consideration should be placed into its preparation.</p> <p>You're given 4 hours to complete the entire CMA test. Universities are increasingly disposed to concede understudies who can verbalize certain clarifications for why the school is a sublime fit about them past its notoriety or positioning on any rundown. On the other side, understudies don't have the important certifications to help an emotional piece of composing. A few understudies may find this to be a simple technique, while others may invest a bigger volume of energy understanding this basic structure square of school composing. </p> <p>This sort of exposition, together with different kinds, is comprised of 3 essential parts which are the presentation, the chief body, and the end. Purchase articles from us and you could generally make certain of top notch paper that may guarantee you quality evaluation. Today, there are various on-line sites that give test papers. Without a doubt the most significant component of such an exposition is the kind of materials w hich you will utilize and refer to. </p> <h2> Top Choices of Subjective Essay Questions Samples</h2> <p>With a minor piece of consideration, in any case, its simple to watch the manner in which the article drives normally to a sentiment of passings approach or certainty. A few have scrutinized the interest for a month devoted only to dark history and this is now and again addressed basically, since it's required. Make a rundown of ten things which you can do so as to make the world a superior spot. Each Unwound has her or his own one of a kind disastrous story. </p> <p>The composing is done on a straightforward word processor that is practically identical to Notepad. A companion in your math class tells you that while doing quantum mechanics you don't need to think about traditional things in any regard. At the point when it has to do with expounding on emotional or target information, you should get acquainted with the sort of language used to im part it. For instance, composing assignments. </p> <p>Essays are regularly required for grant applications. Composing a powerful exposition can be troublesome in light of the fact that you're not simply introducing the examination materials which you've accumulated however you're attempting to impact your perusers. Writing article subjects permit you to limit back on a particular thought or detail, it's critical to choose the paper points you're keen on. Moral pugnacious article themes are a couple of the most straightforward to become overly enthusiastic with. </p>

Get Your Content to Market Themselves

Get Your Content to Market ThemselvesIf you are tired of those boring newspapers, then you should consider getting an article writing service to write your content for you. Writing on your own is an art and if you hire someone to do the same for you, you will know exactly what to expect. This will save you a lot of time, money and effort that you could have otherwise spent on doing your own writing.If you want to get one, you need to have your own research. This is where you will spend hours of study, so make sure you prepare well. But the greatest thing about this service is that you can choose from hundreds of articles that they already wrote. It will take you about a week to find out what you want to write about, but you will get to know what you are getting yourself into.You can expect that a great article will only cost you a few dollars. In some cases, you can even get it for free. This is also great because this means that you don't have to pay extra to get it published or for syndication. This will ensure that you are not paying for anything extra, so you can make sure that you are getting the best quality articles.This will help you in getting more traffic to your website as well as your articles. You can put up your articles on your own website or social networking sites. Either way, you will still be able to get traffic through article marketing.Submit them to article directories as well. This will guarantee that you get the maximum exposure. You can submit articles to directories like EzineArticles, Ahrefs, Squidoo, Niche, Articlesellers and others. You just have to be prepared with how to do it.In the local level, you can submit your articles to article mills or your own website. There are also services that let you submit your articles to as many directories as you want, but you will be charged a price for each article that you submit. You will have to search for these types of services on the internet, so be prepared to spend some time. You can f ind these services easily by going to a directory like EzineArticles.As you can see, there are lots of benefits to get from article marketing. You can save a lot of time, money and effort if you hire the right service. Just make sure that you are completely aware of the guidelines before you even hire them, so you can make sure that you get the best quality content from them.

How did baseball influence America - 821 Words

Whoever wants to know the heart and mind of America had better learn baseball, Jacques Barzun, the social commentator, wrote more than a quarter of a century ago. Fundamentally, Barzun said in an interview last week, things havent changed. Baseball still reflects our society, its just that our society has changed. Baseball, Barzun says, once expressed the unification of America, the teamwork involved. When we look at the triumphs of American technology on a large scale, he says, we see the fine workings of a national machinery - everybody in every department cooperating effectively with no gaps in time. It was like the making of a double play perhaps. Or a relay in which nine men speedily clicked together to†¦show more content†¦Sure, Kid... Atta Boy, Kid, keep swinging from the heels. Surely there were those who resented Ruth making more than the President of the United States, but his larger-than-life qualities overshadowed the money aspect. Today, though, the big bucks intrude on our summer devotions, says Angell. A lot of people find it insupportable, and against the work ethic, that young men can make so much money. Youre supposed to work hard for not much money at something you dont like when youre young, and improve on that as you get older. And this idea of players making large amounts of money also says something uncomfortable about our society, where a ballplayer can make so much more than, say, a teacher. But its not the fault of the players. The money is obviously there. It seems like the owners have a death wish about theShow MoreRelatedJackie Robinson s Influence On Baseball And America1392 Words   |  6 PagesRobinson’s Influence in Baseball and America Baseball has been known as America’s great sport since the 1920’s. Many people love to watch the games and create their own fantasy teams because they look up to the wide, diverse players on each team. 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Modernism and the Holocaust Essay example Example For Students

Modernism and the Holocaust Essay example The emergence of the Holocaust and the Nazi party views can largely be determined as a result of modernity, as a reaction against the times. Yet, at the same time it can be argued that the National Socialist party can be characterized as a modern development. Modris Eksteins, George Mosse, and Zygmundt Bauman offer an in-depth look into both the anti-modern and modern aspects of the Nazi movement and the resulting Holocaust. Eksteins work proves to be the most thorough of the three works in following the growth and progress of the Nazi party and Hitlers rise to power. Bauman covers more of the political side of the National Socialists, and especially appeals to morality and ethics, or rejection thereof, to portray his very opinionated points. Mosse, on the other hand, analyzes the people who fell victim to the ideology of the Nazi party, In a sense, this study is a historical analysis of people captured to such an extent by an ideology that they lost sight of civilized law and civilized attitudes toward their fellow men, (Mosse, 9). For all three authors, modernity is the major force for change- the change that results in the rise of the national socialist party.For Ekstein, culture is a social phenomenon in which modernism is the principal urge of the time. He focuses on social change featuring the Great War as a great catalyst for change, For our preoccupation with speed, newness, transience, and inwardness- with life lived, as the jargon puts it, ?in the fast lane- to have taken hold, an entire scale of values and beliefs had to yield pride of place, and the Great Wars was, as we shall see, the single most significant event in that development, (Ekstein, xiv). Ekstein uses the example of Germany within the novel to express his points. Before the Great War there had been a sense of morality and decency between warring nations, a code of ethics the British and French armies continued to follow. Germany, however, through the old-fashioned spirit of war out the door and used any means possible to win, means that were characterized by modern technological advancements and what Ekstein refers to as Total War. For Ekstein, the first World War was a gateway into modernity which paved the way for the rise of the National Socialist party to come to power in Germany. Ekstein provides a thoroughly modern point of view, concerning the years following World War I, in writing about the culture of an extremely civilized Europe where standards of living had been rising steadily despite strictly enforced class rules and large disparities between the ultra-rich and everyone else. From this, the National Socialist party evolved and rose and became a headlong plunge into the future, toward a ?brave new world, (Ekstein, 303). The people of Germany, for the first time in decades, felt a sense of belongingness and patriotism toward their country. The political and social conflicts that characterized their country in the past had disappeared and they became a unified country under The Spirit of Aust!It was the rise of Hitler to power and his implementation of the National Socialism Movement that led to the Holocaust, which constituted a rejection of Judaism, Communists, Jehovah Witnesses, Gypsies, homosexuals, and anyone else not belonging to the Aryan race. This rejection resulted in the mass deliberate killing of these people by the Nazis in their exterminatory anti-Semitism. They used this as an excuse to commence a systematic genocide against the European Jews as an answer to the Jewish Question. The final solution to rid Germany and all of Europe of the Jewish vermin was to send them to concentration camps where they would eventually be gassed if the harsh environment hadnt taken their life beforehand.In analyzing the morality and ethics of the people involved in the Holocaust movement, Mosse explains that the overall morale of the German people after the first World War allowed a movement like National Socialism to develop and gain the popularity that it did. Modernism in Art Essay On the contrary, they were men and women who wanted to maintain their property and their superior status over the working class, (Mosse 7). The National Socialist revolution wasnt just a revolution of the soul, but instead it was the ideal bourgeois revolution because it threatened none of the vested economic interests of the middle class.The Volkish thought established itself in the belief that the Jews stood for modernity in all its destructiveness? The Jew, or rather the stereotype which Volkish thought made of him, is therefore central to any analysis and understanding if this German ideology, (Mosse 7). This forged a direct connection between the German revolution and National Socialism as Hitler gave focus to his ?German revolution by making it into an anti-Jewish revolution, (Mosse 7). This movement triumphed in Germany because it had so deeply penetrated the fabric of the national belief. It is believed by some that Germany was unprepared for the Hitlers rise to power and to Nazi movement, but according to Mosse, one trend of German thought could become so strong that millions of people accepted it as the only solution to Germanys dilemma, (Mosse 8).Bauman expresses his own views of Nazism and the Holocaust in his Modernity and the Holocaust. He explains how the ideology of the National Socialist movement was a rejection of modernity in which the result was a mass genocide of the Jewish population. They identified modernity as the rule of economic and monetary values, and charged Jewish racial characteristics with responsibility for such a relentless assault on the Volkish mode of life and standards of human worth, (Bauman 61). A paradox emerges here, however, in that racism is a product of modernization. According to Bauman, racism could not exist without the advancement of modern science, modern technology and modern forms of state power, (Bauman 61). He continues to explaining that the murder of Jews was an exercise in the rational management of society. And a systematic attempt to deploy in its service the stance, philosophy and the precepts of applied science, (Bauman 72). The mass genocide due to anti-Semitism is a modern phenomenon because the possibility of such an event is inconceivable without an advanced state of modernity. Modern exterminatory anti-Semitism could only have been effective if it was connected to modern bureaucracy, which was at the time, the Nazi party, racism is a policy first, ideology second. Like all policies, it needs organization, managers, and experts, (Bauman 74). The information and beliefs these authors expound portray two phenomenon that are so closely related yet seem so paradoxical. Nazism itself, represents certain characteristics of modernity from which they intended to move away. Yet the National Socialist belief is a deep rooted Volkish ideology, fueled by the German revolution as a revolt and resentment of modernity. Thus, the extermination of the Jewish population, or any not of the Aryan race, represented a negative reaction against the modernity which they resented. Yet, at the same time their anti-Semitic beliefs and actions represented modernity itself. The National Socialist movement and the resulting Holocaust represent the dark side of modernity, while at the same time striving to maintain anti-modernist beliefs. It is in this sense that the two events, Nazism and the Holocaust, can be interpreted as a reaction against modernity, which at the same time viewed as modern developments. The work of the three authors serve to uncover this paradoxical relationship and give a in-depth understanding of the role of modernity in the history of Germany through the early 20th century.